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Your imagination is what causes us to believe in God?

I have translated this article that may explain why we tend to give credit - and blame - a God who actually is innocent ...

Only humans practice religion because they are the only creatures on earth that have developed the capacity of the imagination.

That is the argument of the Franco-British anthropologist Maurice Bloch of the London School of Economics. Bloch opposes the popular notion that religion evolved and spread because it promoted social bonding, as argued by some anthropologists.

Instead, he argues that first, human beings have had to evolve in brain architecture to imagine things and beings that do not physically exist, and to believe in the possibility that people - in some way, to live after have died.

Once this is achieved, humans could use what Bloch calls "social significance" and unite in groups, nations and clans, or even with imaginary groups such as the dead. The social significance also allows humans to follow the idealized codes of conduct associated with religion.

"What the social significance required is the ability live - to some extent - in the imagination, "says Bloch.

" You can be a member of a transcendental group, or nation, though never in contact with other members of the same " Bloch says. Moreover, the composition of these groups, "whether they are clans or nations, may also include the living and the dead."

Currently, this idea of \u200b\u200blinking communities living and dead, occurs in the Christian notion of being "one body with Christ" or the Islamic "Ummah" uniting Muslims.

Animals do not have this capacity of social importance, even our closest relatives, chimpanzees, says Bloch. And the reason is they can not imagine beyond the immediate social circle, or backwards and forwards in time, a capacity that humans do have.

Bloch believes our ancestors developed the necessary neural architecture to imagine before or around 40 to 50.000 years ago, at the end of the Stone Age.

At the same time, the tools used for hunting and the man who had been monotonously primitive began more sophisticated. The art began appearing on cave walls, and burials began to include objects, suggesting a belief in an afterlife, and therefore the "transcendental social".

But Bloch argues that religion is just one manifestation of this unique ability to form relationships with value systems, people do not exist or are distant.

"Once we realize this omnipresence of the imaginary in the everyday, there is nothing special to explain about religion," he says.

Chris Frith of University College London, co-organizer of the meeting "Sapient Mind" meeting in Cambridge last September, thinks Bloch is right, but that "theory of mind" - the ability to recognize that other people or creatures exist, and think for themselves, can be as important as the evolution imagination.

"As soon as you have theory of mind, it is possible to deceive others, or being tricked," he says. This, in turn, generates a sense of justice and injustice, which could lead to moral codes and the possibility of an officer of the watch "- God - who can see and punish all the wicked.

Is it true that ? If so, we must start looking for someone else to give credit and blame ...

This article is a translation of excerpts from the following sources:

• http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org / content/363/1499/2055 (original source)
• http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13782-religion-a-figment-of-human-imagination.html (citing the original article in English)
• http: / / www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2009/10/did-development-of-human-imagination-50000-years-ago-lead-to-belief-in-god.html (citing the original article in English)

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A Girlfriend Experience ... the Love is more expensive than the sex

The other day I wanted to watch a movie - without going to the movies of course - and I got a title which stunned me: "The Girlfriend Experience ( Steven Soderbergh, USA 2009) Without reading the synopsis immediately figured it was the story of a guy who longed to live the experience of "having a girlfriend." Well, the theme of the movie was not exactly that, because it was an almost teenage prostitute, in his erotic services offered by the experience of being a bride.

I noticed the term and I went to Wikipedia and found that if such service exists within the "sex trade" and that the client tries to experience the prostitute as his girlfriend. For example, the prostitute dinner with him, walk hand in hand through park, kissing tenderly and passionately, talk of "their problems", etc. and eventually have sex. Given the intensity of the service (you can buy sex but not love) the cost of a GFE is very high: more than 2 000 euros if the prostitute has more than 25 years. If you are 18 can reach 10 thousand dollars. Love is more expensive than sex.

I do not know whether to pay for a GFE ensure the experience of "having a girlfriend," whatever that means, we do experience is the cost of having a girlfriend! Even without the complications of a relationship or fears (Who first put the horn to whom?).

By the way, the movie is good. According to the synopsis posted on the site where I downloaded, The Girlfriend Experience is "five days in the life of Chelsea, a prostitute from New York luxury that charges $ 10,000 per night, her boyfriend Chris accepts his lifestyle and manage their own business by coming to win $ 2000 each time. But in this business, you never know who you will meet ... "

" The Girlfriend Experience is not a typical Hollywood film. There is a nice movie where love triumphs because the world is wonderful. Sasha Grey, the actress who plays the prostitute is a porn actress in real life and the film shows a cold world that an economic crisis and values. A teenage world, who knows that goes to empty and enjoys going for him. Officer Trailer

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PHYSICS AND MUSIC


Dear reader share this knowledge I arrived by mail for some time and I find worthy of knowing.
is a Conference given in the Astronomical Society Planetarium
Alfa Alfa Planetarium JOSE DE LA HERRÁN
I leave you with this and see what you think

PHYSICS AND MUSIC

case are related to these two disciplines ...? Absolutely ...

Music What is ...? It is the most simple, the music is nice rhythmic sequences of the human ear.

... What is Physics? In the simplest form, the science that studies and measures the nature and so are laws that govern it.

Is it the music of birds singing ...? Yes and No, if it corresponds to the definition: A sequence of sounds pleasant to the ear and not, for surely for the birds, the notes they produce are a form of language to communicate among themselves and not a musical sequence itself, that is, meaning please your ears ... And ensure that because all animals of each species have some form of communication between them, but certainly, the cawing of the crows we can not consider

music ... Now, humans, over the centuries, becomes more demanding as they mature their intelligence and sensitivity, and with it, the sequences of notes are increasingly sensitive to the laws of physics, although he did not recognize at first. Then begins, first, to combine sounds and discover what there is dissonance, that is, the unpleasant effect that certain combinations of notes played simultaneously occur when, and on the other, discover the beauty of certain combinations of letters certainly are between a given mathematical relationship.

In this respect, were the Greeks, especially the Pythagoreans who began making musical physics, when considering the lengths of musical strings and thus, the numerical relationships that were pleasing to the ear for notes played together, there arises the trinomial: Music, Physics and Mathematics ...

And the next step was to confront what they called the musical scales, scales based on sequences deduced from the numerical relations between the notes ...!

We take a break to remember that musical note is a sustained sound pleasant to the ear. Here we explain a musical note is spread in the air as a longitudinal wave sound and its physical characteristics: height

frequency, intensity or volume and Ringer or waveform ...

The height of a note is acute or severe it is. A sharp note is that given a soprano in voice record and bass note is that can give a down, the intermediate marks correspond to the records of the mezzo-sopranos, the altos, the tenors and baritones.

The intensity is, how strong or weak note and does not require further explanation, the current corresponds physically to the amplitude of the sound wave.

The Ring or Waveform allows us to distinguish between two or more notes of the same height or frequency and intensity or volume, allows us to distinguish, again, the instrument or voice that produce them, if we listen at the same time a note of violin and given the same note on the piano, the timbre that allows us to differentiate.

Man, in their art form, begins to invent sequences of notes that are pleasing to the ear and called melodies; also discovers that he can invent an infinite number of these tunes, mathematically, with 3 notes can be 6 melodies ...

also discovers that singing a melody you can add another voice singer who, in another tone, follow the lead vocal harmony and the second strictly follows the laws that the Pythagoreans found more than 2000 years ago and those who are separated from those laws, no comment no offense, just generate other exotic types of music ...!



Now let's talk a little about musical instruments, they are capable of producing artificial plantations sequences of notes that have previously been calibrated in accordance with musical scales.

This is important to note that there is a global agreement to obey all the instruments to a musical scale which is the reference note piano central LA, but this paper is not exactly in the middle of typing you having a frequency of 440 cycles per second or 400 Hertz, physically speaking, that is to say, are the last that we can ensure a universal framework.

all know the variety of musical instruments that form a symphony orchestra:

Strings which are the variety of musical instruments that form a symphony orchestra:

strings are violins, violas, cellos and basses.

Metals: Trumpets, trombones, tubas, wood: Oboes, etc., Percussion, etc.

All polyphonic instruments mentioned are the keyboard, where the musical instrument, King of the instruments is the Body ...

As a prince have the portable computer. And recently a host of electronic keyboards of all kinds ... besides the guitar, harp, and many more tools ...

polyphonic Speaking of keyboards, I must mention that the musical scale developed by the Greeks in the past suffered dramatic changes, where the justification was math but its implementation was highly experimental, I mean tempered musical scale.

tempered scale rises and sets because, with the scale based on the work of the Pythagoreans, keyboards not allowed to touch a piece of music in any key, the issue is technical, but I will say that from a point of view the proposed mathematical solution composer, musicologist and mathematician English called Bartolomé Ramos de Pareja, he solved the problem mathematically, but did not reach its implementation, but look this occurred in the fifteenth century, just at the time of the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus ...

was Juan Sebastian Bach, who needs no introduction, who applied the concept in a practical way tempered, driven by Ramos couple and honed his organs under this principle, with the result of playing any part in any of the 12 tones of the scale, and, to prove he wrote the wonderful work, his 24 Preludes and Fugues, 12 in a major and 12 minor key, thus being solved a serious technical problem.

The mathematical formula applicable Palm was the couple that tells us, to gain either a half tone next higher pitch, multiply the frequency of the tone by the twelfth root of 2 which is 1.05946 ... So to get from LA sustained pitch of 440 Hertz, multiply 440 by 1.05946 gives us 466, which LA is sustained, and so on until all the notes of the scale.

Mexico is world renowned for putting on the table, so to speak, the scales devised by our great Master violinist and musicologist Don Julián Carrillo, born in the nineteenth century, who, under the name Jericho "Sonido 13" designed scales based on other mathematical algorithms that generate micro tonic scales of as projecting the thirds based on tone (root Feb. 18) and the quarter-tone (following on February 24, etc.)., for them, he built special pianos, keeping the same keyboard, were tuned according to these new scales and course, composed music to prove them.

Finally, and from another point of view, the, say poetic, we have the song, or lied in German, which comes to a union between poetry and music may be sung a cappella, one or more voices or also with instrumental accompaniment.

And from there, through a variety of shapes and adding other arts, came to a very elaborate opera is that many think that brings together all the arts ...

As heard here, music and physics have been linked, through mathematics, like many other fields of human endeavor, from before that human being would have realized of such a union ...
How
where the human imagination can go deeper in this wonderful creation of his brain, which can range from creating the most simple and childish to the most abstract and profound human soul? We do not know, but we anticipate that it is likely that we have not yet reached the bottom of our musical ability, or the bottom of our feelings ...

Gentil Auditorium Thank you very much ...


JOSE DE LA HERRÁN lecture at the Planetarium
Alfa Alfa Planetarium Astronomical Society